This course starts from the turmoil during the early 20th century's emancipation of the previous traditions, concept and schools to the experimentation and the establishment of the new ideology and new order towards the end of this century. The main streams of schools discussed include: atonality, serialism, neo-nationalism, the Avant-Garde, the mid-century Experimentalism, the emergence of Diatonicism and the Neo-Romanticism towards the end of the 20th century.

Burkholder, Grout & Palisca. A History of Western Music, 10th ed. New York: Norton, 2019.
Burkholder & Palisca. Norton Anthology of Western Music. New York: Norton, 2019.
（譜例本第三冊）